The Havanese, Bichon Frise, Maltese and Shih Tzu are all small, affectionate companion dogs with long, low-shedding coats. They’re often mentioned in the same breath, but they aren’t the same. Here’s how they compare, to help you decide which is right for your family.
At a glance
- Havanese: from Cuba. About 8½ to 11½ inches tall and typically 7 to 13 pounds. Any colour. Sturdy, playful and very people-focused.
- Bichon Frise: from the Mediterranean. About 9½ to 11½ inches and typically 12 to 18 pounds. Always white. Cheerful, with a curly coat that needs regular professional grooming.
- Maltese: from the Mediterranean (Malta). The smallest of the four, usually under 7 pounds. Always white. Gentle, but delicate.
- Shih Tzu: from China (with roots in Tibet). About 8 to 11 inches and typically 9 to 16 pounds. Many colours. Calm, affectionate, with a short muzzle.
Size and build
The Havanese is a toy breed, but a sturdy one. It’s slightly longer than it is tall, with a springy, lively gait. That makes it a good fit for families who want a small dog that can keep up with walks and play. The Maltese is much finer-boned and better suited to a quieter home. The Bichon is similar in height but often heavier. The Shih Tzu is compact and low to the ground.
Coat and colour
All four have long coats that shed very little, and all four need regular brushing. The Havanese coat is soft and silky, and it comes in every colour and pattern. Read more in our article on Havanese colours. The Bichon and Maltese are always white. The Shih Tzu comes in many colours, like the Havanese.
Temperament
Havanese are famously social. They want to be with their people, they’re clever and easy to train with positive methods, and they’re usually good with children and other pets. They can be prone to separation anxiety if left alone for long stretches. Bichons are similarly cheerful and outgoing. Maltese tend to be gentle and devoted, sometimes wary of strangers. Shih Tzus are generally calm and easygoing.
Health
Every breed has its own health concerns, which is why health testing matters. Responsible Havanese breeders test for hearing, eyes, knees, hearts, hips and elbows before breeding. The Shih Tzu’s short muzzle can cause breathing and heat sensitivity, which the other three don’t share. Whatever breed you choose, ask the breeder which tests the parents passed, and ask to see the results. Here’s how we health test our dogs.
Which one is right for you?
If you want a small, sturdy, playful dog that loves people, comes in a rainbow of colours and fits into family life, the Havanese is hard to beat. We’re biased, of course! The best way to know is to meet the breed in person.